Nursing Care Plan : Nursing Diagnosis Nanda

The Process of Headache and Dizziness

Headache

Headache is a condition there is pain in the head. The pain can occur in the whole head, only felt in most of the head, neck, back to back.


Headaches arise as a result of stimulation of the parts in the head and neck region are sensitive to pain. And these parts are muscles occipital, temporal, and frontal scalp, subcutaneous arteries and periosteum (extra cranial). The bones of the skull are not sensitive to pain. Part intracranial (in the head) are sensitive to pain including meninges, especially the basal dura, and the meninges which protects the sinus venosus and large arteries at the base of the brain. Most of the brain tissue itself is not sensitive to pain.

Stimulation of these parts can be:
  • Infection of the lining of the brain: meningitis, encephalitis.
  • Chemical irritation of the lining of the brain like a subdural hemorrhage or after pneumo, or substances contrast-encephalography.
  • Stretching lining of the brain due to the intracranial space persisted, liquor traffic obstruction, venous sinus thrombosis, cerebral edema, or intracranial pressure decreases drastically and suddenly.
  • Intracranial arterial vasodilation due to toxic state (as in the general infection, alcohol intoxication, CO intoxication, allergic reactions), metabolic disorders (such as hypoxemia, hypoglycemia, hypercapnia), the use of vasodilator drugs, after the state of cerebral contusion, acute cerebrovascular insufficiency, blood pressure systemic jumped suddenly.
  • Extracranial vascular disorders, such as vasodilation (migraine, and 'cluster headache') and inflammation (temporal arteritis).
  • Radiation of pain ("Referred pain ') from the eye (glaucoma, iritis), sinuses (sinusitis), cranial base (ca. nasopharyngeal), teeth (molars II pulpids and urgent dental), and the neck area (spondiloartitis, cervical deformans ).
  • Muscle tension-drug head-neck-shoulder as a manifestation of organic psycho in a state of depression and stress.


Dizziness


Dizziness is a term that most people use to describe the state of a headache. In medical science dizziness and headache is a condition that is different, in terms of perceived symptoms, the disease causes, and treatment.

Dizziness and vertigo are two types of sensory disturbance of balance that needs to be distinguished. When the body was floating, swaying, rocking, it is a picture that is in accordance with the 'dizzy'. Then, if you feel swirling body or objects around a rotating body, or lying around the body is a picture of 'vertigo'.

The basis of vertigo is interference with the body's equilibrium. While dizziness does not always point to the disruption of the body as a means of balancing the cause. This is a chaotic feeling dizzy in the head. For example, someone who was thinking about a lot of issues surrounding the business and noisy. For an uneasy feeling in the head, as if lack of sleep, want to get the flu, is often also used the term dizziness, which is not merely a balance disorder.
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