1. diseases that weaken the heart muscle,
2. diseases that cause stiffening of the heart muscles, or
3. diseases that increase oxygen demand by the body tissue beyond the capability of the heart to deliver adequate oxygen-rich blood.
Nursing Diagnosis for Congestive Heart Failure
- Decreased Cardiac Output related to impaired contractility and increased preload and afterload
- Impaired Gas Exchange related to alveolar edema due to elevated ventricular pressures
- Excess Fluid Volume related to sodium and water retention
- Activity Intolerance related to oxygen supply and demand imbalance
Source : medicinenet.com